深入解析NHD - 0220AZ - FL - YBW字符液晶顯示模塊
在電子設(shè)備的開發(fā)過(guò)程中,液晶顯示模塊是不可或缺的一部分。今天,我們就來(lái)詳細(xì)探討一下Newhaven Display International公司的NHD - 0220AZ - FL - YBW字符液晶顯示模塊。
一、產(chǎn)品概述
NHD - 0220AZ - FL - YBW是一款具備2行20字符顯示能力的液晶顯示模塊。其型號(hào)各部分含義如下:
- “NHD - ”代表Newhaven Display。
- “0220 - ”表示2行20字符。
- “AZ - ”為具體型號(hào)。
- “F - ”代表半透反射型。
- “L - ”是黃/綠色LED背光。
- “Y - ”是STN - 黃/綠色。
- “B - ”為6:00最佳視角。
- “W - ”表示寬溫度范圍,并且該產(chǎn)品符合RoHS標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
二、功能與特性
2.1 基本功能
該模塊具有2行20字符的顯示能力,內(nèi)置ST7066U控制器,采用 +5.0V電源供電,支持1/16 duty和1/5 bias,同時(shí)符合RoHS標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
2.2 引腳說(shuō)明與接線圖
| Pin No. | Symbol | External Connection | Function Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | VSS | Power Supply | Ground |
| 2 | VDD | Power Supply | Supply Voltage for logic (+5.0V) |
| 3 | V0 | Adj. Power Supply | Supply Voltage for contrast (approx. 0.4V) |
| 4 | RS | MPU | Register select signal. RS = 0: Command, RS = 1: Data |
| 5 | R/W | MPU | Read/Write select signal, R/W = 1: Read R/W: = 0: Write |
| 6 | E | MPU | Operation enable signal. Falling edge triggered. |
| 7 - 10 | DB0 – DB3 | MPU | Four low order bi - directional three - state data bus lines. These four are not used during 4 - bit operation. |
| 11 - 14 | DB4 – DB7 | MPU | Four high order bi - directional three - state data bus lines. |
| 15 | LED+ | Power Supply | Backlight Anode (145 mA @ 5V) |
| 16 | LED - | Power Supply | Backlight Cathode (Ground) |
推薦的LCD連接器為2.54mm間距引腳,不過(guò)文檔未提及背光連接器相關(guān)匹配信息。
三、電氣與光學(xué)特性
3.1 電氣特性
| Item | Symbol | Condition | Min. | Typ. | Max. | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating Temperature Range | TOP | Absolute Max | - 20 | - | +70 | ?C |
| Storage Temperature Range | TST | Absolute Max | - 30 | - | +80 | ?C |
| Supply Voltage | VDD | - | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.3 | V |
| Supply Current | IDD | VDD = 5.0V | 1.0 | 2.0 | 2.5 | mA |
| Supply for LCD (contrast) | VLCD | TOP = 25°C | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.7 | V |
| “H” Level input | VIH | - | 0.7 * VDD | - | VDD | V |
| “L” Level input | VIL | - | VSS | - | 0.6 | V |
| “H” Level output | VOH | - | 3.9 | - | VDD | V |
| “L” Level output | VOL | - | VSS | - | 0.4 | V |
| Backlight Supply Current | ILED | - | 120 | 145 | 170 | mA |
| Backlight Supply Voltage | VLED | ILED = 145 mA | 4.8 | 5.0 | 5.3 | V |
需要注意的是,背光的LED由電流驅(qū)動(dòng),驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓僅作參考,必須選擇合適的驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓以確保背光電流低于最大規(guī)定值。
3.2 光學(xué)特性
| Item | Symbol | Condition | Min. | Typ. | Max. | Unit | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Optimal Viewing Angles | Top | ?Y+ | CR ≥ 2 | - | 40 | - | ° | |
| Bottom | ?Y - | - | 60 | - | ° | |||
| Left | θX - | - | 60 | - | ° | |||
| Right | θX+ | - | 60 | - | ° | |||
| Contrast Ratio | CR | - | 2 | 5 | - | - | ||
| Response Time | Rise | TR | TOP = 25°C | - | 150 | 250 | ms | |
| Fall | TF | - | 200 | 300 | ms |
四、控制器信息
| 模塊內(nèi)置ST7066U控制器,其詳細(xì)規(guī)格可從http://www.newhavendisplay.com/app_notes/ST7066U.pdf下載。DDRAM地址分布如下: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 14 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13 | ||||||||||
| 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F 50 51 52 53 |
五、指令表
| 文檔中給出了一系列指令,包括清屏、歸位、設(shè)置顯示模式等,每個(gè)指令都有對(duì)應(yīng)的指令碼、描述和執(zhí)行時(shí)間。例如: | Instruction code | Instruction | Description | Execution time (fOSC = 270 KHZ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 | Clear Display | Write “20H” to DDRAM and set DDRAM address to “00H” from AC | 1.52ms | |
| 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 | Home Return | Set DDRAM Address to “00H” from AC and return cursor to its original position if shifted. The contents of DDRAM are not changed. | 1.52ms |
六、時(shí)序特性
6.1 從MPU向ST7066U寫數(shù)據(jù)
| Tc | Enable Cycle Time | Pin E | 1200 | ns | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TPW | Enable Pulse Width | Pin E | 140 | ns | ||
| TR,TF | Enable Rise/Fall Time | Pin E | 25 | ns | ||
| TAS | Address Setup Time | Pins: RS,RW,E | 0 | 0 | ns | |
| TAH | Address Hold Time | Pins: RS,RW,E | 10 | - | ns | |
| TDSW | Data Setup Time | Pins: DB0 - DB7 | 40 | - | ns | |
| TH | Data Hold Time | Pins: DB0 - DB7 | 10 | ns |
6.2 從ST7066U向MPU讀數(shù)據(jù)
| Tc | Enable Cycle Time | Pin E | 1200 | 0 | ns | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TPW | Enable Pulse Width | Pin E | 140 | ns | ||
| TR,TF | Enable Rise/Fall Time | Pin E | 25 | ns | ||
| TAS | Address Setup Time | Pins: RS,RW,E | 0 | 0 | ns | |
| TAH | Address Hold Time | Pins: RS,RW,E | 10 | ns | ||
| TDDR | Data Setup Time | Pins: DB0 - DB7 | - | 100 | ns | |
| TH | Data Hold Time | Pins: DB0 - DB7 | 10 | ns |
七、內(nèi)置字體表
文檔中給出了內(nèi)置字體表,但具體內(nèi)容由于格式問(wèn)題未詳細(xì)展開,在實(shí)際使用中可根據(jù)表中的編碼來(lái)顯示相應(yīng)字符。
八、初始化程序
8.1 8位初始化
代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)了8位初始化的過(guò)程,包括喚醒模塊、設(shè)置功能、顯示模式等。例如:
void command(char i)
{
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
D_I = 0; //D/I = LOW : send instruction
R_W = 0; //R/W = LOW:Write
E = 1;
Delay (1);
Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns
E = 0; //Clock enable:falling edge
}
void write(char i) {
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
R_W = 0;
D_I = 1; //D/I = HIGH : send data
E = 1;
Delay (1);
Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns
E = 0;
}
void init()
{
E = 0;
Delay(100); //Wait >40 msec after power is applied
command (0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up
Delay(30);
command (0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up #2
Delay (10);
command (0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up #3
Delay (10);
command (0x38); //Function set: 8 - bit/2 - line
command (0x10);
command (0x0c);
command (0x06); //Set cursor //Display ON; Cursor ON //Entry mode set
}
8.2 4位初始化
同樣實(shí)現(xiàn)了4位初始化的功能,將數(shù)據(jù)分高4位和低4位進(jìn)行傳輸。
void command(char i)
{
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
D_I = 0;
R_W = 0;
Nybble();
i = i < 4;
P1 = i;
Nybble(); //Send upper 4 bits
}
void write(char i)
{
P1 = i;
D_I = 1;
R_W = 0;
Nybble();
i = i < 4;
P1 = i;
Nybble ();
}
void Nybble()
{
E = 1;
Delay (1);
Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns
E = 0; //Clock enable:falling edge
}
void init()
{
P1 = 0;
P3 = 0;
Delay (100);
P1 = 0x30;
Delay (30);
Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up
Delay (10);
Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up #2
Delay (10);
Nybble (); //command 0x30 = Wake up #3
Delay(10);
P1 = 0x20;
Nybble(); //Function set: 4 - bit interface
Nybble ();
command (0x28); //Function set: 4 - bit/2 - line
command (0x10); //Set cursor
command (0x0F); //Display ON; Blinking cursor
command (0x06); //Entry Mode set
}
九、質(zhì)量與使用注意事項(xiàng)
9.1 質(zhì)量測(cè)試
文檔中給出了一系列質(zhì)量測(cè)試項(xiàng)目,包括高溫存儲(chǔ)、低溫存儲(chǔ)、高溫運(yùn)行、低溫運(yùn)行、高溫高濕運(yùn)行、熱沖擊抵抗、振動(dòng)測(cè)試和靜電測(cè)試等,并說(shuō)明了測(cè)試條件和注意事項(xiàng)。
9.2 使用注意事項(xiàng)
使用LCD/LCM時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)可參考www.newhavendisplay.com/specs/precautions.pdf,保修信息和條款可查看http://www.newhavendisplay.com/index.php?main_page=terms 。
在實(shí)際設(shè)計(jì)中,電子工程師需要根據(jù)這些特性和參數(shù),合理選擇和使用該液晶顯示模塊,以確保設(shè)備的穩(wěn)定性和性能。你在使用類似模塊時(shí),是否也遇到過(guò)一些特殊的問(wèn)題呢?歡迎在評(píng)論區(qū)分享你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
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深入解析NHD - 0220AZ - FL - YBW字符液晶顯示模塊
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