Newhaven NHD - 0220AZ - FL - GBW液晶顯示模塊深度解析
引言
在電子設(shè)備中,液晶顯示模塊是人機(jī)交互的重要組成部分。Newhaven Display International推出的NHD - 0220AZ - FL - GBW字符液晶顯示模塊,以其出色的性能和廣泛的適用性,受到了眾多電子工程師的青睞。本文將對(duì)該模塊進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的技術(shù)剖析,幫助工程師們更好地了解和使用這款產(chǎn)品。
產(chǎn)品概述
產(chǎn)品型號(hào)解析
NHD - 0220AZ - FL - GBW這個(gè)型號(hào)包含了豐富的信息:
- “NHD - ”代表Newhaven Display。
- “0220 - ”表示該模塊具有2行,每行20個(gè)字符的顯示能力。
- “AZ - ”為具體的型號(hào)標(biāo)識(shí)。
- “F - ”表明采用了半透反射技術(shù)。
- “L - ”代表黃/綠色LED背光。
- “G - ”表示STN - 灰色顯示。
- “B - ”意味著具有6:00視角。
- “W - ”表示寬溫度范圍( - 20°C~ + 70°C),并且該產(chǎn)品符合RoHS標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
功能與特性
- 顯示能力:具備2行×20字符的顯示能力,能夠清晰地呈現(xiàn)文本信息。
- 內(nèi)置控制器:內(nèi)置SPLC780D或等效控制器,方便進(jìn)行顯示控制。
- 電源供應(yīng):采用 + 5.0V電源供應(yīng),同時(shí)具有1/16 duty和1/5 bias的特性。
機(jī)械與電氣特性
引腳描述與接線圖
| Pin No. | Symbol | External Connection | Function Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | VSS | Power Supply | Ground |
| 2 | VDD | Power Supply | Supply Voltage for logic (+5.0V) |
| 3 | V0 | Adj Power Supply | Power supply for contrast (approx. 0.4V) |
| 4 | RS | MPU | Register select signal. RS = 0: Command, RS = 1: Data |
| 5 | R/W | MPU | Read/Write select signal, R/W = 1: Read R/W: = 0: Write |
| 6 | E | MPU | Operation enable signal. Falling edge triggered. |
| 7 - 10 | DB0 – DB3 | MPU | Four low order bi - directional three - state data bus lines. These four are not used during 4 - bit operation. |
| 11 - 14 | DB4 – DB7 | MPU | Four high order bi - directional three - state data bus lines. |
| 15 | LED+ | Power Supply | Power supply for LED Backlight (+5.0V via on - board resistor) |
| 16 | LED - | Power Supply | Ground for Backlight |
電氣特性
| Item | Symbol | Condition | Min. | Typ. | Max. | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating Temperature Range | Top | Absolute Max | - 20 | - | + 70 | ?C |
| Storage Temperature Range | Tst | Absolute Max | - 30 | - | + 80 | ?C |
| Supply Voltage | VDD | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.5 | V | |
| Supply Current | IDD | Ta = 25°C, VDD = 5.0V | - | 1.5 | 2.5 | mA |
| Supply for LCD (contrast) | VDD - V0 | Ta = 25°C | - | 4.6 | - | V |
| “H” Level input | Vih | 2.2 | - | VDD | V | |
| “L” Level input | Vil | 0 | - | 0.6 | V | |
| “H” Level output | Voh | 2.4 | - | - | V | |
| “L” Level output | Vol | - | - | 0.4 | V | |
| Backlight Supply Voltage | Vled | - | - | 5.0 | - | V |
| Backlight Supply Current | Iled | Vled = 5.0V | - | 150 | 300 | mA |
光學(xué)特性
| Item | Symbol | Condition | Min. | Typ. | Max. | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Viewing Angle – Vertical (top) | AV | Cr ≥2 | - | 25 | - | ? |
| Viewing Angle – Vertical (bottom) | AV | Cr ≥2 | - | 70 | - | ? |
| Viewing Angle – Horizontal (left) | AH | Cr ≥2 | - | 30 | - | ? |
| Viewing Angle – Horizontal (right) | AH | Cr ≥2 | - | 30 | - | ? |
| Contrast Ratio | Cr | - | 2 | - | - | |
| Response Time (rise) | Tr | - | - | 120 | 150 | ms |
| Response Time (fall) | Tf | - | - | 120 | 150 | ms |
控制器信息與指令表
控制器
內(nèi)置SPLC780D控制器,其詳細(xì)規(guī)格可從http://www.newhavendisplay.com/app_notes/SPLC780D.pdf下載。
指令表
| 該模塊提供了一系列指令,用于控制顯示、光標(biāo)等操作,以下是部分指令示例: | Instruction | RS | R/W | DB7 | DB6 | Instruction Code | DB5 | DB4 | DB3 | DB2 | DB1 | DBO | Description | Execution time (fosc = 270KHz) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clear Display | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Write "20H" to DDRAM and set DDRAM address to "00H" from AC | 1.52ms | ||
| Return Home | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Set DDRAM address to "00H" from AC and return cursor to its original position if shifted. The contents of DDRAM are not changed. | 1.52ms |
時(shí)序特性
寫入模式
| Characteristics | Symbol | Limit | Unit | Test Condition | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Min. | Typ. | Max. | ||||
| E Cycle Time | to | 500 | ns | An E | ||
| E Pulse Width | tW | 230 | ns | Pin E | ||
| E Rise/Fall Time | tR.tF | 20 | ns | Pin E | ||
| Address Setup Time | tsP1 | 40 | ns | Pins: RS, RW, E | ||
| Address Hold Time | HD1 | 10 | ns | Pins: RS, RW, E | ||
| Data Setup Time | tsP2 | 80 | ns | Pins: DB0 - DB7 | ||
| Data Hold Time | HD2 | 10 | ns | Pins: DB0 - DB7 |
讀取模式
| Characteristics | Symbol | Limit | Unit | Test Condition | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Min. | Typ. | Max. | ||||
| E Cycle Time | to | 500 | ns | Pin E | ||
| E Pulse Width | tW | 230 | ns | Pin E | ||
| E Rise/Fall Time | tR.tF | 20 | ns | Pin E | ||
| Address Setup Time | tsp | Pins: RS, RW, E | ||||
| Address Hold Time | 40 | Pins: RS, RW, E | ||||
| Data Setup Time | to | 120 | ||||
| Data Hold Time | 5.0 | ns | An DB0 - DB7 |
初始化程序
8位初始化
void command(char i) {
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
D_I = 0; //D/I = LOW : send instruction
R_W = 0; //R/W = LOW:Write
E = 1;
Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns
E = 0; //Clock enable: falling edge
}
void write(char i) {
E = 0;
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
D_I = 1; //D/I = HIGH : send data
R_W = 0; //R/W = LOW: Write
E = 1;
Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns
E = 0; //Clock enable: falling edge
}
void init() {
E = 0;
Delay(100); //Wait >15 msec after power is applied
command(0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up
Delay(30); //must wait 5ms, busy flag not available
command(0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up #2
Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available
command(0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up #3
Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available
command(0x38); //Function set: 8-bit/2-line
command(0x10); //Set cursor
command(0x0c); //Display ON; Cursor ON
command(0x06); //Entry mode set
}
4位初始化
void command(char i) {
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
D_I = 0; //D/I = LOW : send instruction
R_W = 0; //R/W = LOW:Write
Nybble(); //Send lower 4 bits
i = i < 4; //Shift over by 4 bits
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
Nybble(); //Send upper 4bits
}
void write(char i) {
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
D_I = 1; //D/I = HIGH : send data
R_W = 0; //R/W = LOW : Write
Nybble(); //Clock lower 4 bits
i = i < 4; //Shift over by 4 bits
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
Nybble(); //Clock upper 4 bits
}
void Nybble() {
E = 1;
Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns
E = 0; //Clock enable: falling edge
}
void init() {
P1 = 0;
P3 = 0;
Delay(100); //Wait >15 msec after power is applied
P1 = 0x30; //put 0x30 on the output port
Delay(30); //must wait 5ms, busy flag not available
Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up
Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available
Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up #2
Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available
Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up #3
Delay(10); //can check busy flag now instead of delay
P1 = 0x20; //put 0x20 on the output port
Nybble(); //Function set: 4-bit interface
command(0x28); //Function set: 4-bit/2-line
command(0x10);
command(0x0F); //Set cursor
command(0x0F); //Display ON; Blinking cursor
command(0x06); //Entry Mode set
}
質(zhì)量與使用注意事項(xiàng)
質(zhì)量測(cè)試
| Test Item | Content of Test | Test Condition | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| High Temperature storage | Endurance test applying the high storage temperature for a long time. | +80?C , 48hrs | 2 |
| Low Temperature storage | Endurance test applying the low storage temperature for a long time. | - 30?C , 48hrs | 1,2 |
| High Temperature Operation | Endurance test applying the electric stress (voltage & current) and the high thermal stress for a long time. | +70?C 48hrs | 2 |
| Low Temperature Operation | Endurance test applying the electric stress (voltage & current) and the low thermal stress for a long time. | - 20?C , 48hrs | 1,2 |
| High Temperature / Humidity Operation | Endurance test applying the electric stress (voltage & current) and the high thermal with high humidity stress for a long time. | +40?C , 90% RH , 48hrs | 1,2 |
| Thermal Shock resistance | Endurance test applying the electric stress (voltage & current) during a cycle of low and high thermal stress. | 0?C,30min -> 25?C,5min -> 50?C,30min = 1 cycle 10 cycles | |
| Vibration test | Endurance test applying vibration to simulate transportation and use. | 10 - 55Hz , 15mm amplitude. 60 sec in each of 3 directions X,Y,Z For 15 minutes | 3 |
| Static electricity test | Endurance test applying electric static discharge. | VS = 800V, RS = 1.5kΩ, CS = 100pF One time |
使用注意事項(xiàng)
使用LCDs/LCMs時(shí)的具體注意事項(xiàng)可參考www.newhavendisplay.com/specs/precautions.pdf。同時(shí),關(guān)于保修信息和條款可訪問http://www.newhavendisplay.com/index.php?main_page=terms 。
總結(jié)
Newhaven NHD - 0220AZ - FL - GBW字符液晶顯示模塊在顯示能力、電氣特性、光學(xué)特性等方面都表現(xiàn)出色。通過對(duì)其引腳、指令、時(shí)序特性以及初始化程序的了解,工程師們可以更好地將其應(yīng)用到實(shí)際項(xiàng)目中。在使用過程中,遵循質(zhì)量測(cè)試和使用注意事項(xiàng),能夠確保模塊的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。大家在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中是否遇到過類似模塊的問題呢?歡迎在評(píng)論區(qū)分享交流。
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