The introduction of oversampling noise shaping technique in [1] by Inose
and Yasuda has resulted in a very popular method for converting signals
between the analog and the digital domains. This principle has led to the
rapid development of robust converters known as delta-sigma1
modulator based converters [2]. In fact‚ an alternative description of this
concept was disclosed even earlier in a patent by Cutler [3]‚ which is often
regarded as the first-order modulator with the error-feedback topology.
Although the concept has existed for a long time‚ there are still many
problems associated with these modulators. Among these problems‚ this
research monograph is mainly concerned with the exact analysis of
modulators‚ and the exploitation of these analysis results in Fractional-N
frequency synthesis applications‚ as well as novel topologies for timeinterleaved
modulators.