工業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的能量收集

　　本文討論了在工業(yè)環(huán)境中為獨(dú)立網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)提供電力、從振動(dòng)、太陽能和熱源獲取能量的技術(shù)和技術(shù)。

　　能源管理是任何工業(yè)運(yùn)作中越來越重要的組成部分。電力和煤氣是主要的間接費(fèi)用，而保持這些成本是一個(gè)長期的挑戰(zhàn)。同時(shí)，越來越多的網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳感器可以在車間內(nèi)使用，以監(jiān)控日益增長的能源需求。對于這樣的machine-2-machine市場（M2M）聯(lián)網(wǎng)單位預(yù)計(jì)將增長到超過500億的設(shè)備在未來的十年里，他們都需要運(yùn)行功率。

　　雖然在工業(yè)環(huán)境中，這些M2M單元通常在附近有一個(gè)能源；連接一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)到一個(gè)電源插座是昂貴和費(fèi)時(shí)的。隨著芯片制造技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，大大降低了功耗，以及可以提供長距離低功耗的頻率和協(xié)議，這些單位現(xiàn)在可以利用當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境來產(chǎn)生自己的電力。這種能量可以來自各種各樣的來源，從移動(dòng)設(shè)備的振動(dòng)能量到溫差，甚至來自室內(nèi)照明的能量。

　　These are often used alongside a rechargeable battery that acts as a power source and a backup， but the key point is that these do not need replacing and can last the lifetime of the equipment as they are constantly recharged by the energy harvesting circuits. Such units are also self-contained so that they can be placed in areas that are hard to reach and where it would be difficult to replace the batteries， giving more flexibility to the operations manager to place these sensors and network nodes in exactly the optimum location.

　　Solar energy

　　The Silicon Labs Solar Energy Harvesting Board with Thin Film Battery （Figure 1） is an evaluation board that contains all the necessary elements to provide a networked node that is powered from indoor lighting or the sun. It is aimed at systems that wake periodically to measure and transmit results and， as it is powered from an energy harvesting source， the life expectancy of the thin film battery is greater than 15 years or 7000 mAh. This also means the wireless node can be designed with a very thin profile as the battery height is 0.17 mm to fit into the tightest spaces.