為了解決景象匹配導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)中圖像存在旋轉(zhuǎn)誤差以及遮擋問(wèn)題，提出了一種基于相對(duì)點(diǎn)矩的SAR圖像匹配算法。Harris角點(diǎn)提取算子結(jié)合亞像素精確定位算法可以獲得高精度的特征點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)，而Hu不變矩具有平移、旋轉(zhuǎn)、縮放(RTS)不變性，結(jié)合兩者優(yōu)點(diǎn)，本文首次提出了相對(duì)點(diǎn)矩的概念。相對(duì)點(diǎn)矩同樣具有RTS不變性，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)任意旋轉(zhuǎn)角度下的圖像匹配，通過(guò)選擇合適的特征半徑，可以抵抗一定程度的遮擋。針對(duì)粗匹配點(diǎn)中存在的誤差匹配點(diǎn)，采用相似三角形原理篩選并摒棄;最后，通過(guò)最小二乘法給出最優(yōu)估計(jì)值。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，該算法滿(mǎn)足高精度、實(shí)時(shí)性和一定的抗干擾要求。

　　Abstract:

　　To solve the problem that there exits rotation error and shading in the images of the scene matching aided navigation system， a new matching algorithm for SAR image based on relative point moment invariants is proposed. Feature point coordinates of high precision can be achieved by the Harris corner point operator and the sub-pixel positioning algorithm .When Hu moment invariants with their properties of translation， rotation and scaling(RTS) invariability are combined with high precision feature points， we proposed the concept of relative point moment invariants for the first time. The relative point moment invariants also have the RTS invariability properties，therefore image matching of arbitrary rotation angle can be achieved by using the relative point moment invariants. Moreover， this matching algorithm can resist certain degree of shading. Match points witch error are excluded according to the principle of similar triangles. Finally， the optimal estimation is given by the least square method. Experimental results show that， this algorithm satisfies the high-precision， real-time and certain degree of anti-interference requirements.

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