NHD - 0420H1Z - FL - GBW - 33V3字符液晶顯示模塊技術(shù)詳解
在電子設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)中,液晶顯示模塊是人機(jī)交互的重要組成部分。今天我們就來(lái)詳細(xì)了解一下 Newhaven Display 公司的 NHD - 0420H1Z - FL - GBW - 33V3 字符液晶顯示模塊。
文件下載:NHD-0420H1Z-FL-GBW-33V3.pdf
一、產(chǎn)品概述
NHD - 0420H1Z - FL - GBW - 33V3 是一款 4 行 20 字符的液晶顯示模塊,型號(hào)為 H1Z,采用了半透反射技術(shù)(F),配備了灰黃/綠色 LED 背光源(L - G - STN),具有寬溫特性(B - W),最佳視角為 6:00,工作電壓為 3.3V(33V3),并且符合 RoHS 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
二、功能與特性
2.1 基本規(guī)格
- 顯示能力:能夠顯示 4 行,每行 20 個(gè)字符,滿(mǎn)足一般信息顯示需求。
- 內(nèi)置控制器:采用 ST7066U 控制器,為顯示功能提供了穩(wěn)定的支持。
2.2 電氣特性
- 電源供應(yīng):采用 +3.3V 電源,1/16 占空比,1/4 偏置,符合 RoHS 標(biāo)準(zhǔn),環(huán)保且穩(wěn)定。
- 工作與存儲(chǔ)溫度范圍:工作溫度范圍為 -20°C 至 +70°C,存儲(chǔ)溫度范圍為 -30°C 至 +80°C,能適應(yīng)較寬的環(huán)境溫度變化。
2.3 光學(xué)特性
- 最佳視角:上下左右視角分別為 40°、60°、60°、60°,在這些角度范圍內(nèi)能獲得較好的顯示效果。
- 對(duì)比度:對(duì)比度比值在 2 - 5 之間,保證了清晰的顯示效果。
- 響應(yīng)時(shí)間:上升時(shí)間約為 150ms,下降時(shí)間約為 200ms,能滿(mǎn)足一般的動(dòng)態(tài)顯示需求。
三、引腳說(shuō)明與接線(xiàn)圖
| Pin No. | Symbol | External Connection | Function Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | VSS | Power Supply | Ground |
| 2 | VDD | Power Supply | Supply Voltage for logic (+3.3V) |
| 3 | V0 | Power Supply | Supply Voltage for contrast (approx. 0.1V) |
| 4 | RS | MPU | Register Select signal. RS = 0: Command, RS = 1: Data |
| 5 | R/W | MPU | Read/Write select signal, R/W = 1: Read R/W = 0: Write |
| 6 | E | MPU | Operation Enable signal. Falling edge triggered. |
| 7 - 10 | DB0 - DB3 | MPU | Four low order bi - directional three - state data bus lines. Not used during 4 - bit operation. |
| 11 - 14 | DB4 - DB7 | MPU | Four high order bi - directional three - state data bus lines. |
| 15 | A | Power Supply | Backlight Anode (+3.0V) |
| 16 | K | Power Supply | Backlight Cathode (Ground) |
LCD 連接器采用 2.54mm 間距引腳,在實(shí)際設(shè)計(jì)中,需要根據(jù)這些引腳功能進(jìn)行正確的連接,以確保模塊正常工作。你在設(shè)計(jì)接線(xiàn)時(shí),是否會(huì)遇到引腳連接錯(cuò)誤導(dǎo)致模塊無(wú)法正常顯示的情況呢?
四、電氣與光學(xué)參數(shù)
4.1 電氣參數(shù)
| Item | Symbol | Condition | Min. | Typ. | Max. | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating Temperature Range | TOP | Absolute Max | -20 | - | +70 | ?C |
| Storage Temperature Range | TST | Absolute Max | -30 | - | +80 | ?C |
| Supply Voltage | VDD | - | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.6 | V |
| Supply Current | IDD | VDD = 3.3V | - | 1.5 | 2.5 | mA |
| Supply for LCD (contrast) | VDD – V0 | TOP = 25°C | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.5 | V |
| “H” Level input | VIH | - | 0.7*VDD | - | VDD | V |
| “L” Level input | VIL | - | VSS | - | 0.6 | V |
| “H” Level output | VOH | - | 0.75*VDD | - | VDD | V |
| “L” Level output | VOL | - | VSS | - | 0.2*VDD | V |
| Backlight Supply Voltage | VLED | - | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.2 | V |
| Backlight Supply Current | ILED | VLED = 3.0V | 130 | 150 | 180 | mA |
4.2 光學(xué)參數(shù)
| Item | Symbol | Condition | Min. | Typ. | Max. | Unit | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Optimal Viewing Angles | Top | ?Y+ | CR ≥ 2 | - | 40 | - | ? | |
| Bottom | ?Y - | - | 60 | - | ? | |||
| Left | θX - | - | 60 | - | ? | |||
| Right | θX+ | - | 60 | - | ? | |||
| Contrast Ratio | CR | - | 2 | 5 | - | - | ||
| Response Time | Rise | TR | TOP = 25°C | - | 150 | 250 | ms | |
| Fall | TF | - | 200 | 300 | ms |
這些參數(shù)是設(shè)計(jì)和使用該模塊的重要依據(jù),在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,需要根據(jù)具體需求進(jìn)行合理的調(diào)整。你是否會(huì)根據(jù)這些參數(shù)來(lái)優(yōu)化你的設(shè)計(jì)呢?
五、控制器信息
模塊內(nèi)置 ST7066U 控制器,其詳細(xì)規(guī)格可從 http://www.newhavendisplay.com/app_notes/ST7066U.pdf 下載。了解控制器的功能和特性,有助于我們更好地實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)顯示模塊的控制。
六、DDRAM 地址
DDRAM 地址表規(guī)定了字符在顯示區(qū)域的存儲(chǔ)位置,對(duì)于準(zhǔn)確顯示字符非常重要。在實(shí)際編程中,需要根據(jù)這個(gè)地址表來(lái)定位字符的顯示位置。
七、命令表
| Instruction | Instruction code | Description | 270 KHZ Execution time (fosc = | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RS | R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 | |||||||||||
| Clear Display | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Write “20H” to DDRA and set DDRAM address to “00H” from AC | 1.53ms |
| Return Home | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | - | Set DDRAM address to “00H” From AC and return cursor to Its original position if shifted. The contents of DDRAM are not changed. | 1.53ms |
| Entry mode Set | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | I/D | SH | Assign cursor moving direction And blinking of entire display | 39us |
| Display ON/ OFF control | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | D | C | B | Set display (D), cursor (C), and Blinking of cursor (B) on/off Control bit. | |
| Cursor or Display shift | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | S/C | R/L | - | - | Set cursor moving and display Shift control bit, and the Direction, without changing of DDRAM data. | 39us |
| Function set | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | DL | N | F | - | - | Set interface data length (DL: 8 - Bit/4 - bit), numbers of display Line (N: =2 - line/1 - line) and, Display font type (F: 5x11/5x8) | 39us |
| Set CGRAM Address | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | AC5 AC4 AC3 AC2 AC1 AC0 | Set CGRAM address in address counter. | 39us | |||||
| Set DDRAM Address | 0 | 0 | 1 | AC6 AC5 AC4 AC3 AC2 AC1 AC0 | Set DDRAM address in address counter. | 39us | ||||||
| Read busy Flag and Address | 0 | 1 | BF | AC6 AC5 AC4 AC3 AC2 AC1 AC0 | Whether during internal Operation or not can be known By reading BF. The contents of Address counter can also be read. | 0us | ||||||
| Write data To Address | 1 | 0 | D7 | D6 | D5 | D4 | D3 | D2 | D1 | D0 | Write data into internal RAM (DDRAM/CGRAM). | 43us |
| Read data From RAM | 1 | 1 | D7 | D6 | D5 | D4 | D3 | D2 | D1 | D0 | Read data from internal RAM (DDRAM/CGRAM). | 43us |
這些命令是實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)顯示模塊各種操作的基礎(chǔ),在編程時(shí)需要根據(jù)需求選擇合適的命令。你在使用這些命令時(shí),有沒(méi)有遇到過(guò)命令執(zhí)行錯(cuò)誤的情況呢?
八、時(shí)序特性
8.1 寫(xiě)入數(shù)據(jù)
在將數(shù)據(jù)從 MPU 寫(xiě)入 ST7066U 時(shí),需要注意地址建立時(shí)間、使能脈沖寬度等時(shí)序參數(shù),以確保數(shù)據(jù)的正確傳輸。
8.2 讀取數(shù)據(jù)
從 ST7066U 讀取數(shù)據(jù)到 MPU 時(shí),同樣需要關(guān)注地址建立時(shí)間、數(shù)據(jù)建立時(shí)間等時(shí)序參數(shù)。
九、內(nèi)置字體表
內(nèi)置字體表規(guī)定了字符的顯示樣式,在顯示字符時(shí),需要根據(jù)這個(gè)字體表來(lái)進(jìn)行編碼。
十、初始化程序示例
10.1 8 位初始化
void command(char i)
{
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
D_I = 0; //D/I = LOW : send instruction
R_W = 0; //R/W = LOW:Write
E = 1;
Delay (1);
Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns
E = 0; //Clock enable: falling edge
}
void write(char i)
{
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
D_I = 1; //D/I = HIGH: send data
R_W = 0; //R/W = LOW:Write
E = 1;
Delay (1);
Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns
E = 0; //Clock enable: falling edge
}
void init()
{
E = 0;
Delay (100);
Delay(100); //Wait >40 msec after power is applied
command(0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up
command (0x30);
Delay (30);
Delay(30); //must wait 5ms, busy flag not available
command (0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up #2
Delay (10);
Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available
command (0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up #3
Delay (10);
Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available
command (0x38);
command(0x38); //Function set: 8 - bit/2 - line
command (0x10); //Set cursor
command (0x0c);
command(0x0c); //Display ON; Cursor ON
command (0x06); //Entry mode set
}
10.2 4 位初始化
void command(char i)
{
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
D_I = 0; //D/I = LOW : send instruction
R_W = 0;
Nybble();
i = i < 4; //Send lower 4 bits //Shift over by 4 bits
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
Nybble(); //Send upper 4 bits
}
void write(char i)
{
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
D_I = 1; //D/I = HIGH: send data
R_W = 0;
Nybble ();
P1 = i;
i = i < 4; //Clock lower 4 bits //Shift over by 4 bits
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
Nybble (); //Clock upper 4 bits
}
void Nybble()
{
E = 1;
Delay (1);
Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns
E = 0; //Clock enable:falling edge
}
void init()
{
P1 = 0; P3 = 0;
Delay (100);
Delay(100); //Wait >40 msec after power is applied
P1 = 0x30; //put 0x30 on the output port
P1 = 0x30;
Delay (30);
Delay(30); //must wait 5ms, busy flag not available
Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up
Delay (10);
Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available
Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up #2
Delay (10);
Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available
Nybble ();
Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up #3
Delay(10); //can check busy flag now instead of delay
Delay (10);
P1 = 0x20; //put 0x20 on the output port
P1 = 0x20;
Nybble(); //Function set: 4 - bit interface
Nybble ();
command (0x28);
command(0x28); //Function set: 4 - bit/2 - line
command (0x10); //Set cursor
command (0x0F);
command(0x0F); //Display ON; Blinking cursor
command (0x06); //Entry Mode set
}
以上初始化程序?yàn)槲覀兲峁┝艘环N快速初始化顯示模塊的方法,在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中可以根據(jù)需要進(jìn)行調(diào)整。
十一、質(zhì)量信息與注意事項(xiàng)
11.1 質(zhì)量測(cè)試
該模塊經(jīng)過(guò)了多項(xiàng)質(zhì)量測(cè)試,包括高溫存儲(chǔ)、低溫存儲(chǔ)、高溫運(yùn)行、低溫運(yùn)行、高溫高濕運(yùn)行、熱沖擊抵抗、振動(dòng)測(cè)試和靜電測(cè)試等,確保了產(chǎn)品的可靠性。
11.2 注意事項(xiàng)
在使用該模塊時(shí),需要注意一些事項(xiàng),具體可參考 www.newhavendisplay.com/specs/precautions.pdf。同時(shí),關(guān)于保修信息和條款可訪問(wèn) http://www.newhavendisplay.com/index.php?main_page=terms。
總之,NHD - 0420H1Z - FL - GBW - 33V3 字符液晶顯示模塊具有豐富的功能和良好的性能,在電子設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)中具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。在實(shí)際設(shè)計(jì)中,我們需要根據(jù)具體需求,合理運(yùn)用其特性和功能,以實(shí)現(xiàn)最佳的顯示效果。你在使用這款顯示模塊時(shí),有什么獨(dú)特的經(jīng)驗(yàn)或遇到過(guò)什么問(wèn)題嗎?歡迎在評(píng)論區(qū)分享。
發(fā)布評(píng)論請(qǐng)先 登錄
NHD - 0420H1Z - FL - GBW - 33V3字符液晶顯示模塊技術(shù)詳解
評(píng)論